How to Clean Curtains at Home: A Fabric-Specific Guide

Curtains do more than just enhance the aesthetic appeal of your home, they protect against dust, allergens, and sunlight while adding warmth and texture to your interiors. However, despite their importance, curtains are often overlooked when it comes to regular household cleaning. Over time, dust, dirt, pet hair, and even mold can build up, compromising not only the appearance of your curtains but also the air quality in your home.

Regular curtain cleaning is essential to maintaining a fresh, clean environment and extending the lifespan of your window treatments. However, cleaning curtains isn’t as simple as tossing them in the washing machine. Different fabrics require different cleaning methods to preserve their texture, color, and shape. Cotton curtains, for instance, may be machine-washable, but delicate fabrics like silk or velvet demand a gentler approach.

And if you’re still weighing up whether curtains are the right choice for your space or how they stack up against blinds in terms of upkeep, our guide Blinds vs. Curtains: Which Is Right for Your Space? breaks it all down to help you make the best choice for your home. 

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll take you through general curtain cleaning tips that apply to all fabrics and then provide detailed, fabric-specific cleaning instructions to help you clean your curtains like a pro.

General Curtain Cleaning Tips

Curtains play a key role in home décor, but they also collect dust, allergens, and odors over time. Regular maintenance keeps them looking fresh and extends their lifespan. From vacuuming and spot-cleaning to choosing the right washing method, taking care of your curtains doesn’t have to be complicated. And if your windows also have blinds, maintaining them is just as important. This simple guide to cleaning blinds effectively can help keep your entire window setup spotless. Now, let’s go over the best general cleaning practices before diving into fabric-specific care.

1. Dust and Vacuum Regularly

Curtains collect dust, pollen, and pet dander over time, which can trigger allergies and dull the fabric’s vibrancy. Use the soft brush attachment on your vacuum cleaner to remove dust gently at least once a week. For delicate fabrics like lace and silk, consider using a handheld vacuum with low suction to prevent damage.

2. Spot Clean Stains Immediately

Accidents happen, and when they do, addressing stains promptly can prevent them from setting. Use a damp cloth and mild detergent to blot the affected area gently. Avoid rubbing, as this can spread the stain or damage the fibres.

3. Check the Manufacturer’s Care Label

Always read the care label before washing your curtains. This small but crucial step ensures that you follow the recommended washing and drying methods, preventing shrinkage, color fading, or fabric wear.

4. Consider Steam Cleaning

For thicker fabrics, such as velvet and heavy drapes, steam cleaning can effectively remove dirt and odors without requiring a full wash. A handheld garment steamer can be used to lift dust and freshen the fabric without causing shrinkage or wrinkling.

5. Use Natural Deodorizers

To keep your curtains smelling fresh, lightly mist them with a mixture of water and a few drops of essential oil. Alternatively, hang them outdoors for a few hours to allow the fabric to breathe and naturally eliminate odors.

6. Avoid Excessive Sunlight Exposure

Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight can weaken fibres and cause colours to fade. Consider using curtain liners or rotating your curtains seasonally to protect them from harsh UV rays.

Following these general tips lays a solid foundation for proper curtain care. Now, let’s explore fabric-specific cleaning methods to ensure that each type of curtain gets the treatment it deserves.

 

How to Clean Curtains Based on Fabric Type

Now that we’ve covered the fundamentals, let’s explore how to clean different types of curtain fabrics. Each material requires a unique approach, and using the wrong method can lead to fading, shrinkage, or damage. Here’s how to do it right.

How to Clean Cotton Curtains

Cotton curtains are durable, breathable, and relatively easy to maintain, making them a popular home choice. However, cotton is prone to shrinkage and fading if not washed properly.

 Machine Washing Instructions

• Use cold or lukewarm water (30°C) on a gentle cycle to prevent shrinkage.
  

• Use a mild detergent free of harsh chemicals that can weaken the fibres.
  

• Avoid bleach, as it can cause discolouration and weaken the fabric.
  

Drying to Prevent Shrinkage

• Air dry curtains by hanging them immediately after washing to minimise wrinkles.
  

• If using a dryer, choose a low heat setting and remove the curtains while slightly damp to prevent shrinkage.
  

Ironing for a Crisp Finish

• Iron on a medium heat setting while the fabric is still slightly damp.
  

• Alternatively, use a garment steamer to release wrinkles without applying direct heat.

How to Clean Linen Curtains

Linen curtains exude effortless elegance but are prone to creasing and require careful handling to maintain their texture.

Hand Wash or Machine Wash with Caution

• Hand-wash linen curtains in cold water using a mild detergent.
  

• If machine washing, use a delicate cycle with cold water and a gentle detergent.
  

Air Dry to Prevent Wrinkles

• Air dry by laying curtains flat on a clean towel or hanging them to drip dry.
  

• Avoid wringing or twisting the fabric, as this can distort the fibres.
  

Storage Tips

• Store linen curtains in a cool, dry place to prevent mold and mildew.
  

• Use breathable cotton bags to protect against dust and humidity.

How to Clean Velvet Curtains

Velvet curtains are luxurious and add drama to any space, but their rich texture requires special care to maintain their softness.

Spot Clean Gently

• Spot clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent.
  

• Blot gently—never rub—as this can crush the pile and damage the texture.
  

Professional Dry Cleaning is Best

• Velvet curtains should ideally be dry cleaned to preserve their plush texture.
  

• Avoid machine washing, which can lead to shrinking and texture loss.
  

Restore Texture with Brushing

• After cleaning, use a soft-bristle brush to restore the pile and maintain a smooth finish.

How to Clean Silk Curtains

Silk curtains bring a touch of opulence, but they’re also delicate and prone to water stains, color fading, and fiber weakening.

Why Dry Cleaning Is Essential

• Silk curtains should always be professionally dry cleaned.
  

• Water and harsh detergents can cause permanent damage, so avoid machine washing or hand washing.
  

Sunlight Protection and Storage

• Store silk curtains in a dark, cool place to prevent fading.
  

• Use breathable fabric bags for storage and avoid plastic covers that can trap moisture.

How to Clean Polyester and Synthetic Curtains

Polyester and synthetic curtains are durable, low-maintenance, and resistant to shrinking, but they can trap static and attract dust.

Machine Washing & Drying

• Wash in warm water with a mild detergent on a gentle cycle.
  

• Avoid using bleach, as it can weaken synthetic fibres.
  

Prevent Heat Damage

• Tumble dry on a low heat setting or air dry to prevent melting or distortion.
  

• Use a cool iron if needed to remove wrinkles.
  

How to Clean Sheer and Lace Curtains

Sheer and lace curtains are delicate and easily damaged, requiring extra care during cleaning.

Hand Wash to Prevent Tearing

• Hand wash in cold water with a mild detergent to prevent snagging.
  

• Swirl gently and avoid wringing or twisting.
  

Air Dry for Best Results

• Lay flat or hang to dry in a shaded area.
  

• Avoid direct sunlight, which can cause discolouration and weaken the fibres.
  

How to Keep Your Curtains Clean for Longer

Maintaining clean, fresh curtains is not just about enhancing the aesthetics of your space. It’s also about preventing dust, allergens, and bacteria from accumulating over time. But in the UK, where the climate fluctuates between damp winters, pollen-heavy springs, and dusty summers, curtains can quickly become a magnet for grime and odours if not properly cared for.

Here’s how to keep your curtains in pristine condition for longer, with practical, UK-specific maintenance hacks that will save you both time and effort.

1. Dust and Vacuum Regularly to Combat UK Pollutants

In the UK, where pollution levels can vary depending on urban and rural settings, curtains are constantly exposed to indoor and outdoor pollutants. From vehicle exhaust in city homes to pollen and agricultural dust in the countryside, these particles cling to fabrics, making regular cleaning essential.

• Vacuum weekly using a handheld vacuum or an upholstery attachment with a soft brush to prevent dust buildup.
  

• Pay extra attention to the pleats, folds, and bottom hem where dirt tends to accumulate.
  

• If you’re near a busy road or live in a high-pollution area, consider vacuuming twice a week to reduce grime and soot buildup.

2. Manage Indoor Humidity to Prevent Mold and Mildew

The UK’s damp and humid climate, particularly during autumn and winter, can create the perfect breeding ground for mould and mildew. Heavy fabrics like velvet or linen are especially vulnerable to absorbing moisture, which can lead to unsightly stains and a musty odour.

• Use a dehumidifier in high-humidity areas, especially in rooms like kitchens, bathrooms, and basements where moisture tends to linger.
  

• Open windows periodically to allow air circulation, particularly on dry, breezy days.
  

• If your home suffers from condensation, consider investing in double-glazed windows to minimise excess moisture.

3. Air Out Curtains to Prevent Stale Odours

Curtains often trap household odours from cooking, pets, and smoke. Over time, these odours can settle deep into the fibres, leaving your home smelling less than fresh.

• On dry, breezy days, air out your curtains by opening the windows or taking them outside for a few hours.
  

• Hang them in an area with indirect sunlight to avoid UV damage while allowing fresh air to circulate through the fabric.
  

• If outdoor airing isn’t an option, use a fabric refresher spray with natural deodorizing properties like lavender or eucalyptus.

4. Use Curtain Liners for Extra Protection

Liners provide an additional layer of defense against dust, sunlight, and moisture, helping to preserve the quality of your curtains. They are especially beneficial in UK homes that experience drastic seasonal changes.

• Thermal liners are ideal for retaining heat during the chilly UK winter months and protecting against UV rays during the summer.
  

• Moisture-resistant liners prevent condensation build-up, reducing the risk of mold and mildew in high-humidity areas.
  

• For lighter fabrics, opt for sheer liners to protect against dirt and pollutants while still allowing natural light to filter through.

5. Swap Curtains Seasonally to Reduce Wear and Tear

Seasonal changes in the UK bring varying levels of humidity, light, and temperature, all of which can affect curtain longevity. Swapping out curtains twice a year not only extends their lifespan but also keeps your décor looking fresh.

• Summer curtains: Use lightweight, breathable fabrics such as cotton or linen during warmer months to allow air to circulate and reduce humidity.
  

• Winter curtains: Opt for heavier fabrics like velvet or thermal-lined curtains to provide insulation and retain heat during the colder months.

6. Protect Curtains from Prolonged Sun Exposure

Even in the UK’s often-grey climate, prolonged sun exposure can cause the fading and weakening of fibres, particularly for delicate fabrics like silk or linen.

• Use UV-blocking window films to filter harmful rays without compromising natural light.
  

• Rotate or swap curtains periodically to ensure even wear and prevent one side from fading more than the other.
  

• Consider adding sheer curtains or lightweight voiles behind heavier curtains to filter sunlight during peak daylight hours.
  

7. Clean Window Frames and Sills to Minimise Dust

Even if you diligently clean your curtains, they’ll quickly collect dust and grime if your windows and sills are neglected.

• Wipe down window frames, sills, and ledges once a week with a damp cloth or microfibre duster to prevent dust from transferring to your curtains.
  

• Check for signs of mold or condensation around the frames, especially in winter, and address them immediately to avoid contamination.

8. Schedule Seasonal Deep Cleans

Incorporate seasonal deep cleaning into your home maintenance routine to ensure long-term freshness and hygiene. A thorough wash or professional clean every 6 to 12 months will keep curtains in top condition and prevent allergens from accumulating.

• Spring and Autumn Cleans: Focus on deep-cleaning curtains twice a year—once in spring to clear out winter dust and again in autumn to prepare for the colder months.
  

• For high-traffic areas or homes with pets and children, consider increasing this frequency.

9. Wash Bedding and Upholstery Frequently to Minimise Cross-Contamination

Curtains aren’t the only fabric in your home that collects dust, pollen, and bacteria. Bedding, cushions, and upholstery also harbor these particles, which can easily transfer to your curtains.

• Wash bedding and cushion covers weekly to minimise dust mites and allergens.
  

• Vacuum upholstered furniture regularly to prevent build-up and ensure a cleaner indoor environment.
  

10. Control Indoor Air Quality with Proper Ventilation

Good air quality goes a long way in preventing curtains from trapping unpleasant odors and airborne allergens.

• Use air purifiers with HEPA filters to reduce dust, pollen, and pet dander circulating through your home.
  

• Open windows for a few minutes each day—even during winter—to let in fresh air and reduce indoor humidity.

Seasonal Curtain Care Tips for the UK Climate

To extend the life of your curtains and keep them in top condition, adapt your cleaning routine based on the UK’s seasonal variations:

• Spring: Deep-clean curtains to remove pollen and allergens that accumulate during peak allergy season.
  

• Summer: Air curtains out regularly to prevent musty odors caused by increased humidity.
  

• Autumn: Swap lightweight curtains for heavier fabrics to retain heat during colder months.
  

• Winter: Check for condensation build-up near windows and clean curtains frequently to prevent mould growth.
  

Curtains are an investment in your home’s style and comfort, and they deserve to be treated with care. By understanding how to clean different fabrics properly, you’ll not only extend the lifespan of your curtains but also maintain a cleaner, healthier living environment. Following fabric-specific cleaning methods ensures that your curtains stay fresh, vibrant, and allergen-free for years to come. Just in case you’re looking to buy good curtains or find high-quality curtain fabric in the UK that’s easy to maintain and durable, consider exploring Lister Cartwright’s collection. Investing in superior fabric not only enhances your home’s décor but also makes maintaining and cleaning your curtains a more straightforward process.

FAQs

How often should I clean my curtains?

Ideally, curtains should be vacuumed or dusted weekly to prevent dust buildup. For a deeper clean, they should be washed or professionally cleaned every 6 to 12 months. Homes with pets, children, or individuals with allergies may benefit from more frequent cleaning, around every 3 to 6 months.

Can I machine-wash all types of curtains?

No, not all curtains can be machine-washed.

• Cotton, polyester, and synthetic curtains are usually machine-washable.
  

• Delicate fabrics such as silk, velvet, and lace require dry cleaning or hand washing to avoid damage.
  

• Always check the manufacturer’s care label for specific washing instructions. When in doubt, opt for professional cleaning to avoid shrinking or fabric distortion.

What is the best way to remove stains from curtains?

To effectively tackle stains:

• Act quickly: Blot stains immediately with a damp cloth to prevent them from setting.
  

• Spot clean: Use a mild detergent mixed with lukewarm water and dab gently with a soft cloth.
  

• For stubborn stains, consider using a fabric-safe stain remover or consult a professional cleaner if the fabric is delicate.

How do I prevent my curtains from shrinking after washing?

To avoid shrinking:

• Follow fabric-specific guidelines: Use cold or lukewarm water and a gentle wash cycle for machine-washable fabrics.
  

• Air dry whenever possible: Avoid high-heat settings in the dryer.
  

• For cotton and linen curtains, reshape them while damp and hang them to dry naturally.
  

• If machine drying is necessary, use the lowest heat setting and remove the curtains before they are fully dry to prevent shrinkage.

Can I iron my curtains after washing them?

Yes, but be cautious, depending on the fabric.

• Cotton and Linen: Use a medium to high heat setting with steam to remove wrinkles effectively.
  

• Polyester and Synthetic Fabrics: Use a low-heat setting to avoid melting or damage.
  

• Velvet and Silk: Avoid direct ironing; instead, use a handheld steamer to gently release wrinkles.

How do I clean blackout or thermal curtains?

Blackout and thermal curtains often have a specialized lining that requires gentle care:

• Vacuum weekly with an upholstery brush to remove dust and dirt.
  

• Spot clean stains with a mild detergent and damp cloth—avoid soaking the fabric.
  

• For a deeper clean, hand wash or use a gentle machine wash on a cold setting if permitted by the care label.
  

• Air dry only to preserve the thermal backing and avoid heat damage.
  

Can I put my curtains in the dryer?

It depends on the fabric.

• Cotton and polyester curtains may be tumble-dried on a low-heat setting, but always check the care label first.
  

• Delicate fabrics, blackout curtains, and thermal-lined curtains should never be tumble-dried, as excessive heat can damage the fabric and cause shrinkage.
  

• Air drying is the safest option for maintaining curtain integrity.

How can I keep my curtains smelling fresh?

To maintain fresh-smelling curtains:

• Air them out regularly: Open windows and allow natural ventilation to prevent stale odors.
  

• Use fabric refreshers: Lightly mist with a natural fabric spray containing essential oils like lavender or eucalyptus.
  

• Add baking soda sachets behind heavy curtains to absorb moisture and neutralise odours.
  

• Wash or vacuum curtains regularly to prevent odours caused by dust and bacteria buildup.